Concentrated Telecom Market
Kazakhstan's telecom sector was historically dominated by Kazakhtelecom, the state-backed incumbent that controlled national backbone networks and owned stakes in two of three mobile operators. Although a recent $1.1 billion sale of its mobile subsidiary is meant to increase competition, the legacy of market concentration still affects international termination pricing.
- [1]Kazakhtelecom sells mobile unit — Developing TelecomsInline reference for monopoly claim